Ibintu bidakunze kubaho ku isi (REEs) byahindutse igice cy'ingenzi mu buzima bwa none, kubera ko ari ibintu by'ingenzi bigize ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bikoresha ikoranabuhanga nka telefoni zigendanwa, imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, umuyaga w’umuyaga, hamwe na sisitemu y’intwaro. Nubwo inganda zidasanzwe ku isi ari nto ugereranije n’izindi nzego z’amabuye y'agaciro, akamaro kayo kiyongereye vuba mu myaka mike ishize, cyane cyane bitewe n’ikenerwa ry’ikoranabuhanga rishya ndetse n’isi yose igana ku masoko arambye y’ingufu.
Iterambere ridasanzwe ry’isi ryashimishije ibihugu byinshi ku isi, birimo Ubushinwa, Amerika, na Ositaraliya. Mu myaka myinshi, Ubushinwa nicyo cyiganje mu gutanga amasoko ya REE, bingana na 80% by’umusaruro ku isi. Ubutaka budakunze kuboneka mubyukuri, ariko biragoye kubikuramo no kubitunganya, bigatuma umusaruro wabyo no gutanga umurimo utoroshye kandi utoroshye. Nyamara, hamwe n’ibisabwa kwiyongera kuri REEs, habayeho kwiyongera cyane mubikorwa byubushakashatsi niterambere, biganisha ku masoko mashya yubutaka budasanzwe kuvumburwa no gutezwa imbere.
Iyindi nzira munganda zidasanzwe kwisi nugukenera gukenera ibintu bidasanzwe byubutaka. Neodymium na praseodymium, nibice byingenzi mumaseti ahoraho akoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda nubuhanga buhanitse, bigize igice kinini cyibikenerwa kwisi. Europium, ikindi kintu kidasanzwe cyisi, ikoreshwa muri tereviziyo yamabara no kumurika fluorescent. Dysprosium, terbium, na yttrium nabyo birakenewe cyane kubera imiterere yihariye, bigatuma bigira uruhare runini mugukora ibicuruzwa byikoranabuhanga.
Ubwiyongere bukenewe kuri iyi si idasanzwe bivuze ko hakenewe kongera umusaruro, bisaba ishoramari rikomeye mubushakashatsi, ubucukuzi, no gutunganya. Nyamara, hamwe ningorabahizi zigira uruhare mu gucukura no gutunganya REEs, hamwe n’amabwiriza akomeye y’ibidukikije ashyirwaho, amasosiyete acukura amabuye y'agaciro ahura n’ibibazo bikomeye bidindiza iterambere.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, iterambere ridasanzwe ryiterambere ryisi rikomeje kuba ryiza, hamwe n’ikenera ry’ikoranabuhanga rishya, ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi, n’amasoko y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu za REE. Iterambere ry’igihe kirekire ry’umurenge ni ryiza, aho biteganijwe ko isoko ry’isi idasanzwe ku isi rizagera kuri miliyari 16.21 mu 2026, rikazamuka kuri CAGR ya 8.44% hagati ya 2021-2026.
Mu gusoza, iterambere ridasanzwe ryiterambere ryisi nicyizere ni cyiza. Hamwe no gukenera ibicuruzwa byikoranabuhanga buhanitse, hakenewe kongera umusaruro wa REEs. Nyamara, amasosiyete acukura amabuye y'agaciro agomba kugendana ningorabahizi zijyanye no gucukura no gutunganya REE kandi yubahiriza amategeko akomeye y’ibidukikije. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, iterambere rirambye ryiterambere ryinganda zidasanzwe zisi rikomeje gukomera, bigatuma riba amahirwe ashimishije kubashoramari nabafatanyabikorwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-05-2023
